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Flax fiber belongs to natural fiber and belongs to bast fiber in cellulose fiber. In the degumming process, only partial degumming is possible. The presence of colloids is one of the reasons that the flax fiber feels stiff. Flax fiber has high crystallinity (about 70%), high degree of orientation, and the intersection angle between fibril and fiber axis is less than l0°, so the elongation at break is small (the angle between fibril and fiber axis in cotton fiber is between 20° and 30°). The elongation at break of the fiber reflects the flexibility of the fiber. Taking 41.67tex as an example, the elongation at break is 4.2%, while the elongation at break of the 29.16tex cotton yarn is 7.7%. More rigid than cotton fibers.
In summary, the main reason why the flax feel is harder than that of the cotton fiber is that the bundle fiber contains a part of colloidal material, and the flax fiber has high crystallinity, small elongation at break, large rigidity, and low flexibility.
To improve the softness of linen fabrics, you can start from the following aspects.
1 The pre-treatment should be strengthened. It is impossible to dilute the impurities after it has been returned, boiled and floated. According to experience, after the pre-treatment of mercerizing, the re-bleaching can improve the feel of the linen fabric. The reason is that the impurities in the fiber can be further removed, the cohesion between the fibers is reduced, the fibers are relatively loose, and the hand becomes soft.
2 using biodegradation. Treatment with cellulase causes the orderly arrangement of the flax fibers to be destroyed, and the larger molecular chains in the fibers become smaller molecular chains, so that the degree of orientation of the fibers becomes smaller, the degree of crystallinity decreases, and the breakage of the fibers increases. Elongation increases its flexibility.
3 softener treatment. Treatment with softeners is an important step in improving the feel of linen fabrics, but the choice of softeners should be cautious, such as hemp softeners, amino-modified silicone oils, and some cationic softeners and silicone compound.
4 strengthen the pre-shrinking finishing. After the pre-shrinking of the linen fabric, the fabric is made to be bulky, plump, and softer due to the stretching and rubbing of the rubber blanket, and the shrinkage rate can be controlled at the same time.
5 wash finishing. Some linen fabrics need to be washed and washed. After being washed, they are dried and blown in a drum-type hot air dryer. The high-temperature hot air enters the interior of the fiber. The fabric becomes fluffy and thick, and the surface becomes velvet and feels soft and plump.
If the above methods can be reasonably applied, it is helpful to improve the feel of linen fabrics, and the above three or four treatment methods may be adopted according to actual conditions.